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Participant Observation
Evaluation OptionThis option is used to identify the attitudes and operation of a community by a researcher living within its environs.
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Social Mapping
Synonyms:Wellbeing rankingEvaluation OptionThis option is used to help identify households using pre-determined indicators that are based on socio-economic factors. It works to determine a relative ranking of socio-economic status of the household rather than an absolute ranking. It can help determine which households are benefiting from an assessment and whether or not they belong to the target group.
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Stories
Synonyms:Anecdotes, Narrative Techniques, Story TellingEvaluation Option
Personal stories provide a glimpse into how people experience their lives and have long been an important part of evaluations -for example being reported in case studies. The process of collecting stories usually begins with an interview, whether in groups (e.g. through group interviews or “story circles”) or in individual interviews. There are different ways of recording the information, including standardised questionnaires and open-ended notes, and different narrative technique to draw out, code and aggregate fragments of data, including options used in the Most Significant Change approach, such as voting*, and the self-signification used in the SenseMaker™ software programme) varies. New techniques make it possible to conduct quantitative analyses based on qualitative, emotional and open-ended narratives.
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External Consultant
Synonyms:External EvaluatorEvaluation OptionAn external consultant is someone external to the organization who can be contracted to conduct the evaluation - sometimes they develop the evaluation design and sometimes they implement the design outlined in the Terms of Reference.
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Internal Staff
Evaluation OptionConducting an evaluation using staff from the implementing agency rather than hiring external consultants.
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Peer review for meta-evaluation
Evaluation OptionReviewing the evaluation by using peers from within the organisation or outside of the organisation
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Community
Evaluation OptionThe community, particularly intended beneficiaries of an intervention, can undertake an evaluation or contribute to a combined team.
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Learning Alliances
Evaluation OptionThe Learning Alliances approach was used by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), an international research institute based in Cali, Colombia, as a way for generating knowledge and fostering innovation processes. The authors indicated that it can be used to "strengthen capacities, generate and document development outcomes, identify future research needs or areas for collaboration, and inform public and private sector policy decisions" (Lundy, Gottret and Ashby, 2005).
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Standards, evaluative criteria and benchmarks
Synonyms:Benchmarks and standardsEvaluation Option
One way of identifying the values that will be used in an evaluation is to develop explicit standards, evaluative criteria or benchmarks or to use existing relevant standards, criteria or benchmarks.
[Picture: Christopher Meredith Flickr]
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Interviews
Evaluation Option
Interviewing is a fundamental methodology for both quantitative and qualitative social research and evaluation. Interviews are conversations between an investigator (interviewer) and a respondent (‘interviewees’, ‘informants’ or ‘sources’) in which questions are asked in order to obtain information. Interviews seek to collect data and narrative information in order to better understand the respondent’s unique perspectives, opinions, and world-views.
