Sampling for representative surveys of displaced populations

This chapter outlines innovative methods for collecting representative data on displaced populations, focusing on the Syrian Refugee and Host Community Surveys.

Techniques include using satellite imagery, humanitarian data, and multi-stage sampling to address challenges in Lebanon, Jordan, and Iraq where census data is outdated or absent.

In this chapter from Data collection in fragile states: Innovations from Africa and beyond, Aguilera, Krishnan, Muñoz, Russo Riva, Sharma, and Vishwanath (2020) highlight the complexities of collecting representative data on displaced populations, particularly in conflict-affected contexts. Focusing on Syrian refugees, they emphasize the difficulty of collecting accurate socioeconomic data for millions of internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees in host countries like Lebanon, Jordan, and Iraq, due to outdated or unavailable census data. The authors present innovative sampling techniques used in the Syrian Refugee and Host Community Surveys (SRHCS) to address these challenges.

Key features

The resource outlines several key innovations and methods that can support M&E practitioners working with displaced populations in FCV settings, including:

• Creation of sample frames: The authors used satellite imagery and humanitarian agency data to construct sample frames in the absence of reliable or recent census data.
• Sampling strategies adapted to local contexts: Lebanon, Jordan, and Iraq presented varied challenges due to differing levels of data availability. A multi-stage sampling process was developed, involving geographic segmentation and classification of regions based on Syrian refugee prevalence.
• Incorporation of refugee and IDP data: Prevalence data was utilised to estimate selection probabilities, enabling researchers to calculate sampling weights despite incomplete data.
• Stratification and multiple stages of sampling: The use of geographic and population data to create stratified sample units, as well as the segmentation of large areas into smaller, manageable sections, allowed for the inclusion of both host and displaced populations.

How would you use the resource?

This resource can be practically applied by M&E practitioners seeking to design or improve sampling strategies in FCV settings where census data is unavailable or outdated. The innovative use of satellite imagery and layered sampling methods provide a viable approach for collecting representative data on displaced populations. Practitioners working in areas with frequent population movements or disrupted M&E systems could adapt the outlined strategies, particularly for data collection in areas with mixed populations (e.g., refugee and host communities). Key sections to consult include the stages of sample segmentation and the methodology for calculating selection probabilities and sampling weights.

Why are we recommending it?

This resource provides practical and innovative approaches for overcoming common FCV challenges related to sampling displaced and mobile populations. The use of satellite imagery and humanitarian data, combined with multi-stage sampling strategies, offers a replicable model for M&E practitioners dealing with outdated or unavailable national data in conflict settings.