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  • Fishbone diagram (cause and effect diagram)

    This short guide describes the process of using a fishbone diagram to help uncover and visualise stakeholder perceptions of the root causes of a problem. It is often used in conjunction with the 'Five Whys' technique.
    Resource
  • From monitoring goals to systems-informed evaluation: Insights from SDG14

    This briefing paper from IIED argues that if the world is going to make significant progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, development actors will need to think and work in new ways, including in e
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  • Five considerations for national evaluation agendas informed by the SDGs

    This IIED briefing paper advocates for using a ‘complex systems’ lens to approach the follow-up and review of the Sustainable Development Goals and discusses five key aspects of this perspective and their implications for national eval
    Resource
  • The Five Whys Technique

    This paper from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) outlines the process of using the Five Whys technique as an effective approach to problem solving.
    Resource
  • Five Whys

    The Five Whys is an easy question asking option that examines the cause-and-effect relationships that underly problems.
    Method
  • Open space

    Open Space Technology (OST) is a group facilitation approach for small and large gatherings in which a central purpose, issue, or task is addressed, but which begins with a purposeful lack of any formal initial agenda.
    Method
  • World cafe

    The world café is a methodology for hosting group dialogue which emphasizes the power of simple conversation in considering relevant questions and themes.
    Method
  • Complex adaptive systems: A different way of thinking about health care systems

    This paper, authored by Beverly Sibthorpe, Nicholas Glasgow and Duncan Longstaff for the Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute, provides a brief synopsis of literature relevant to CAS and healthcare systems.
    Resource
  • BetterEvaluation FAQ: How do you use program theory for evaluating systems?

    Although it’s sometimes referred to as program theory or program logic, theories of change can be used for interventions at any scale, including policies, whole-of-government initiatives, and systems.
    Blog
  • Focus groups

    A focus group is a type of group interview designed to explore peoples attitudes.
    Method