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  • Fishbone diagram (cause and effect diagram)

    This short guide describes the process of using a fishbone diagram to help uncover and visualise stakeholder perceptions of the root causes of a problem. It is often used in conjunction with the 'Five Whys' technique.
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  • The Five Whys Technique

    This paper from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) outlines the process of using the Five Whys technique as an effective approach to problem solving.
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  • Joint after-action review of our humanitarian response to the tsunami crisis

    This paper outlines the findings from the Joint After Action Review conducted to evaluate the response to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
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  • Five Whys

    The Five Whys is an easy question asking option that examines the cause-and-effect relationships that underly problems.
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  • Beneficiary assessment: An approach described

    This paper describes the World Bank's approach to the Beneficiary Assessment approach.
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  • Beneficiary feedback in evaluation

    The purpose of this paper, produced by the Department for International Development (DFID), is to analyse current practice of beneficiary feedback in evaluation and to stimulate further thinking and activity in this area.
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