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  • Causal Attribution Video

    This video guide, produced by UNICEF, outlines three broad strategies for causal attribution: 1) estimating the counterfactual; 2) checking the consistency of evidence for the causal relationships m
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  • Democratic governance and evaluation

    This paper, presented by Anders Hanberger at the Sixth EES (European Evaluation Society) Conference in Berlin, Germany (2004) argues that governance, democracy and evaluation impact each in different ways.
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  • Evaluation exchange, special issue on democratic evaluation

    This special issue of Evaluation Exchange focuses on democratic evaluation and includes discussions on equity and inclusion of a variety of community-focused programs.
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  • What is democratic evaluation?

    This article from Robert Picciotto provides an overview of democratic evaluation, particularly with reference to its use in the European Union context.
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  • Fishbone diagram (cause and effect diagram)

    This short guide describes the process of using a fishbone diagram to help uncover and visualise stakeholder perceptions of the root causes of a problem. It is often used in conjunction with the 'Five Whys' technique.
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  • Rethinking Social Inquiry: Diverse Tools, Shared Standards (Second Edition)

    This second edition of Rethinking Social Inquiry has the aim of redirecting ongoing discussions of methodology in social and political science.
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  • Contemporary thinking about causation in evaluation

    This paper was produced following a discussion between Thomas Cook and Michael Scriven held at The Evaluation Center and Western Michigan University’s Interdisciplinary PhD in Evaluation program jointly hosted Evaluation Cafe´ event on
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  • The Five Whys Technique

    This paper from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) outlines the process of using the Five Whys technique as an effective approach to problem solving.
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  • Democratic evaluation

    Various ways of doing evaluation in ways that support democratic decision making, accountability and/or capacity.
    Approach
  • Bradford Hill criteria for causal inference

    Based on a presentation at the 2015 ANZEA Conference, this free downloadable book presents the Bradford Hill criteria and discusses some ways of using them in practice to draw causal conclusions.
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  • The environment and disease: Association or causation?

    In this original article from 1965, Sir Austin Bradford Hill, Professor Emeritus of Medical Statistics, lays out what will ultimately come to be known as the Bradford Hill criteria.
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  • Environmental flows monitoring and assessment framework

    This resource from the Cooperative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology provides a framework for assessing environmental flow management plans.
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  • Five Whys

    The Five Whys is an easy question asking option that examines the cause-and-effect relationships that underly problems.
    Method
  • Making causal claims

    This brief, authored by John Mayne for the Institutional Learning and Change (ILAC) Initiative argues the need for a different perspective on causality.
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  • Impact evaluation: A guide for commissioners and managers

    This guide, written by Elliot Stern, aims to support managers and commissioners in gaining a deeper and broader understanding of impact evaluation.
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  • The rigor of case-based causal analysis: Busting myths through a demonstration

    This paper focuses on the utilisation of case-based designs for conducting causal analysis and dispelling two misconceptions about their use in the context of evaluation.
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  • Democratic evaluation and democracy: exploring the reality

    Democratic evaluation brings a way of thinking about evaluation’s role in society and in particular, its role in strengthening social justice.
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  • UNICEF webinar: Overview: strategies for causal inference

    What is causal attribution? Do you need a counterfactual to determine if something has caused a change? Professor Patricia Rogers provides an overview of how to determine causal attribution in impact evaluations.
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  • Monitoring and evaluation for thinking and working politically

    This article explores the challenges of monitoring and evaluating politically informed and adaptive programmes in the international development field. Authors Thomas Aston, Chris Roche, Marta Schaaf & Sue Cant.
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